When Johannes Gutenberg invented movable type in the 1440s, it was a major technological advancement. Up until that point, books were produced entirely by monks, every word written by hand on vellum. Though print shops flourished all across Europe with this invention, inspiring the production of millions of books by the 1500s, there was little major change in the technology of printing until the 1800s. By then, cylinder presses were churning out thousands of sheets per hour, and the Linotype machine allowed for easier, more efficient plate-making. Offset lithography (a method of applying ink from a treated surface onto paper) followed and gained popularity after World War II. Phototypesetting was later developed, involving creating film images of text and pictures to be printed. At the end of the 20th century, computers caused another revolution in the industry. Laser printers now allow for low-cost, high-quality printing, and desktop publishing software is credited with spurring sales and use of personal home computers.
- 3-D Printing Specialists
- Advertising Account Executives
- Advertising Managers
- Advertising Workers
- Art Directors
- Bindery Workers
- Bloggers
- Book Conservators
- Book Editors
- Business Managers
- Cartoonists
- Columnists
- Comic Book Artists
- Comic Book Publishers
- Comic Book Writers
- Copy Editors
- Copywriters
- Customer Service Representatives
- Demographers
- Diet and Fitness Writers
- Digital Advertising Workers
- Digital Designers
- Digital Marketing Workers
- Editorial Assistants
- Editorial Research Assistants
- Editors
- Fashion Illustrators
- Fashion Photographers
- Fashion Stylists
- Fashion Writers and Editors
- Food Photographers
- Food Writers and Editors
- Foreign Correspondents
- Graphic Designers
- Growth Hackers
- Illustrators
- Indexers
- Intellectual Property Lawyers
- Internet Marketing and Advertising Consultants
- Interpreters
- Journalism Teachers
- Lexicographers
- Literary Agents
- Magazine Editors
- Manufacturing Supervisors
- Market Research Analysts
- Marketing Consultants
- Marketing Managers
- Media Planners and Buyers
- Media Relations Specialists
- Music Journalists
- Newspaper Editors
- Online Journalists
- Photo Editors
- Photographers
- Photographic Equipment Technicians
- Photographic Laboratory Workers
- Photojournalists
- Political Columnists and Writers
- Political Reporters
- Prepress Workers
- Printing Press Operators and Assistants
- Public Opinion Researchers
- Quality Control Engineers
- Quality Control Technicians
- Real Estate Writers
- Reporters
- Sales Managers
- Science and Medical Writers
- Search Engine Optimization Specialists
- Social Media Influencers
- Songwriters
- Sports Photographers
- Sportswriters
- Statisticians
- Technical Writers and Editors
- Telemarketers
- Translators
- Typists and Word Processors
- Writers