High School
For entry-level positions such as lineworkers, employers generally prefer high school graduates who can demonstrate mechanical aptitude and good mathematical, verbal, and reasoning skills on tests they administer. Applicants may also need to pass physical tests of balance, coordination, and strength. In high school, take courses in electrical shop, machine shop, drafting, computer science, and applied sciences.
Postsecondary Training
Utility lineworkers and cable splicers usually learn their skills in apprenticeship programs, which are administered jointly by employers and unions that organize company workers. Apprenticeships, which last up three to five years, combine on-the-job training with formal instruction in related subjects. Apprentices attend classes to learn such subjects as blueprint reading, electrical theory, transmission theory, electrical codes, and job safety practices. In many programs, apprentices supplement class work with educational videos and computer-assisted instructional materials. They also get practical experience as helpers to experienced lineworkers. They begin by doing simple tasks (such as tree trimming) and, as they learn, take on progressively more difficult work.
Load dispatchers and substation operators need a background that includes good training in sciences and mathematics, as well as years of job experience with the company. Although dispatchers and operators with only a high school diploma will be able to find positions, the best jobs will go to those with college-level training.
Some energy transmission and distribution workers earn certificates or associate's degrees in electronics or related fields from community colleges.
Other Education or Training
The American Public Power Association offers education institutes, stand-alone courses, and pre-conference seminars to help workers keep their skills up to date. Recent classes included Public Utility Accounting, Leadership Strategies for Emerging Leaders, and Discover How the New eSafety Tracker Will Make Your Employees Safer. The electrical training ALLIANCE (formerly known as the National Joint Apprenticeship and Training Committee) and state-level professional associations also provide continuing education opportunities. Contact these organizations for more information.
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