Physiatrists

Physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) physicians diagnose and treat patients with various injuries and medical conditions. These conditions may be impairments and disabilities that are physical or cognitive. They examine and assess patients' physical strength, mobility, and/or their communication and cognitive abilities.

According to the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, among the most common PM&R conditions and treatments are back and neck pain; breast cancer; cardiac rehabilitation; age-associated changes; exercise and fall-prevention in the elderly; geriatric muscle disease; degenerative joint disease; cancer; fibromyalgia; stroke; brain injury; spinal cord injury; multiple sclerosis; ACL injury and rehabilitation; carpal tunnel syndrome; ankle sprain; lumbar disk disorders; osteoarthritis; to name only a few.

Physiatrists work in private practices, group medical clinics, hospitals, and other settings. They are employed in inpatient and outpatient facilities. Those who work as inpatient physiatrists usually treat spinal cord and brain injuries, stroke, burns, and musculoskeletal rehabilitation, among other conditions. They work closely with other physicians as well as social workers, and physical, occupational, and speech therapists in treating and managing patients' care. Physiatrists who work in outpatient facilities typically deal with conditions that don't require surgery, such as orthopedic injuries, pressure sore management, and chronic pain.

After physiatrists examine and diagnose patients, they come up with treatment and prevention plans to help improve the patient's quality of life and restore independence. Physiatrists may treat patients with these types of procedures or services, depending on the patients' condition: ultrasound, injections of the spine or joints, nerve stimulators, nerve and muscle biopsy, prosthetics and orthotics, manual medicine or osteopathic treatment, spasticity treatment, which could be injections of Phenol and Botulinum toxin; or complementary alternative medicine, such as acupuncture.

Physiatrists monitor the patient's response to pain management treatments and procedures by conducting standardized clinical measurements and recording data. They use various medical software programs in their work, such as Biodex Balance Assessment for Concussion Management software; electronic health records management software; practice management software; as well as e-mail software and Microsoft Word.