Financial records have been maintained since the early days of civilization. Records discovered in Babylonia (modern-day Iraq) date back to 3600 B.C.; the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans also kept detailed financial records.
The technological advances of the Industrial Revolution brought about the need for a distinct class of managers to oversee increasingly large factories. Managers were needed to collect and analyze financial information, produce financial reports, develop short- and long-term financial strategies for their organizations, and manage compliance and regulatory issues.
In the early 2000s, financial scandals prompted the public to question the accuracy and reliability of financial statements published by corporations and the financial sector. In response to this crisis, the federal government passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (often referred to as SOX) in 2002. This law requires higher levels of financial accounting and disclosure from all publicly held companies. The role of the chief financial officer has become even more important since the passage of SOX as companies seek to comply with the strict requirements of the law.
- Accountants
- Arbitrators
- Audit and Assurance Accountants
- Auditors
- Automatic Teller Machine Servicers
- Automotive Dealership Owners
- Bank Branch Managers
- Bank Examiners
- Billing Clerks
- Bookkeeping and Accounting Clerks
- Budget Analysts
- Business Continuity Planners
- Business Development Managers and Directors
- Business Intelligence Analysts
- Business Managers
- Buyers
- Chief Customer Officers
- Chief Executive Officers
- Chief Information Officers
- Chief Information Security Officers
- Chief Restructuring Officers
- Chief Revenue Officers
- Chief Robotics Officer
- Chief Sustainability Officers
- Chief Trust Officers
- Client Services Managers
- Collection Workers
- Community Health Program Coordinators
- Compliance Managers
- Continuous Improvement Managers
- Corporate Climate Strategists
- Corporate Community Relations Directors
- Corporate Lawyers
- Corporate Librarians
- Cost Estimators
- Credit Analysts
- Cultural Advisers
- Customer Service Directors
- Customer Service Representatives
- Customer Success Managers
- Customs Brokers
- Data Entry Clerks
- Data Scientists
- Database Specialists
- Decision Scientists
- Digital Workplace Experience Engineers
- Directors of Corporate Sponsorship
- Directors of Security
- Document Management Specialists
- Economists
- Entrepreneurs
- Ergonomists
- Ethical Sourcing Officer
- Event Planners
- Executive Recruiters
- Fashion Models' Agents
- Financial Analysts
- Financial Consultants
- Financial Institution Officers and Managers
- Financial Institution Tellers, Clerks, and Related Workers
- Financial Planners
- Financial Quantitative Analysts
- Financial Services Brokers
- Forensic Accountants and Auditors
- Franchise Owners
- Fraud Examiners, Investigators, and Analysts
- Health Care Managers
- Health Club Owners and Managers
- Health Data Analysts
- Human Resources Consultants
- Human Resources Managers
- Information Assurance Analysts
- Information Security Analysts
- Information Technology Consultants
- Information Technology Infrastructure Engineers
- Information Technology Security Consultants
- Internet Consultants
- Internet Executives
- Internet Security Specialists
- Internet Store Managers and Entrepreneurs
- Internet Transaction Specialists
- Investment Bankers
- Investment Banking Analysts
- Investment Banking Associates
- Investment Banking Sales Brokers
- Investment Banking Traders
- Investment Fund Managers
- Investment Professionals
- Investment Underwriters
- Labor Union Business Agents
- Legal Operations Specialists
- Loan Processors
- Loan Underwriters
- Loss Prevention Managers
- Management Analysts and Consultants
- Mergers and Acquisitions Attorneys
- Mobile Software Developers
- Mortgage Bankers
- Office Administrators
- Payroll Directors
- Personnel and Labor Relations Specialists
- Private Bankers
- Product Designers
- Professional Organizers
- Project Managers
- Proposal Managers
- Public Relations Specialists
- Purchasing Agents
- Receptionists
- Regulatory Affairs Managers
- Regulatory Affairs Specialists
- Sales Managers
- Sales Representatives
- Secretaries
- Software Application Developers
- Space Tourism Managers
- Statisticians
- Stenographers
- Strategy Managers
- Tax Accountants
- Tax Managers
- Tax Preparers
- Temporary Workers
- Traffic Managers
- Typists and Word Processors
- User Experience Designers
- Workplace Diversity Experts